Modelling Structural Effect and Linkage on Carbon Emissions in China: An Environmentally Extended Semi-Closed Ghosh Input–Output Model

The carbon emissions of sectors and households enabled by primary inputs have practical significance in reality. Considering the mutual effect between industrial sector household, this paper firstly constructed an environmentally extended semi-closed Ghosh input–output model with endogenized household to analyze relationship Chinese economy from supply-side perspective. structural decomposition analysis hypothetical extraction method were remodified identify driving effects changes investigate net linkage. results show that electricity, gas, water supply was key highest emission intensity inputs. had above 93% indirect intensity, its dropping significantly more than 55% 2007 2017. operating surplus mixed income caused 3214.67 Gt (34.17%) economic activity, measured value added per capita, main factor growth, mainly attributed development manufacturing sector. allocation structure both brought a decrease emissions. major sources supply-induced cross-sectoral input emissions, while commercial service top source output This sheds light on policies abatement adjustment perspective supply.